Dr. Marc Simard

Dr. Marc Simard is Senior Scientist with NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology.  He first joined JPL as an NRC postdoctoral fellow in 1998. He is the Principal Investigator of Delta-X, a NASA Earth Venture Suborbital mission. Simard is a member of the NASA/CNES SWOT (Surface Water and Ocean Topography) Science Team and the STV (Surface Topography and Vegetation) Incubation Study Team.  He is also Project Scientist with UCLA’s Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering (JIFRESSE)  and a member of the International Blue Carbon Working Group (The Blue Carbon Initiative, CI, UNEP, IUCN). 

Marc Simard’s research focuses on the development of radar remote sensing techniques to retrieve geophysical parameters required to understand the role and feedback of climatic and hydrogeomorphic processes on vegetation structure and productivity, with a particular emphasis on coastal environments. Simard has led or co-led over 20 competitive NASA-funded research projects, and has extensively published in peer-reviewed literature. His early research was dedicated to the development and refinement of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), polarimetric InSAR (PolInSAR) and Lidar/InSAR/PolinSAR fusion algorithms to characterize land surface topography and the vertical structure of vegetation. Simard then used these matured technologies to model ecosystem productivity as a function of climatic, hydrological and geophysical variables.  More recently, he led the development of new multi-instrument airborne remote sensing techniques to measure high-frequency hydrological and sediment transport processes, which drive ecosystem productivity and resilience of river deltas in the face of climate change.  These novel techniques led to the Delta-X mission, which calibrate hydrodynamic and ecological models to forecast the fate of the Mississippi River Delta.  In parallel, Simard is working on adapting these multi-instrument techniques to upcoming spaceborne missions such as NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR), Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) and the Surface Topography and Vegetation (STV) to study hydrologic and ecological processes contributing to the global carbon cycle and river deltas’ resilience to climate change.  He is a co-author of NISAR’s handbook and the STV White Paper, and the developer of SWOT algorithms specific to retrieval of hydrodynamic parameters in deltas and estuaries.


Education: 
  • Ph.D. Geomatics Sciences, Radar Remote Sensing of Forests, Department of Geomatics, Université Laval, Québec, Canada, 1998                                           
  • M.Sc. Physics, Department of Physics, Université Laval, Québec, Canada, 1994
  • B.Sc. Physics (Honours), Specialization Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada, 1992

Research Interests: 

Development of radar and lidar remote sensing technology to retrieve elevation (3D) parameters required to understand the role and feedback of climatic and hydrogeomorphic processes on vegetation structure and productivity, with a particular emphasis on coastal environments.


Professional Experience: 
  • JPL Scientist, Since February 2001, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Radar Science and Engineering, Pasadena, California, USA
  • Post-Doctoral Fellow, February 1998 to February 2001, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Radar Science and Engineering, Pasadena, California, USA, National Research Council
  • Graduate Stagiaire, November 1995 to April 1997, Joint Research Centre of the European Community, Space Applications Institute, Ispra, Italy

Selected Awards: 

Winning Research Proposals and Grants

  • PI/Evaluator, NASA’s Commercial Smallsat Data Acquisition
  • 2022-2023: JPL’s R&TD,  “Land-Ocean-Aquatic Continuum”. Developing a LOAC-specific mission. PI: Simard
  • 2021-2023: PI Land Cover and Land Use Change Program, ‘Global mangrove forest degradation hotspots’,
  • 2020-2024: PI SWOT Science Team, ‘Understanding SWOT measurements in Coastal Wetlands ‘
  • 2020-2021: Surface Topography and Vegetation Science Team, NASA Mission Incubator Program
  • 2019-2023: NASA’s Earth Venture Suborbital-3 (EVS-3), “Delta-X”, PI: Simard
  • 2018-2020: NASA-CMS, “ Estimating Total Ecosystem Carbon in Blue Carbon and Tropical Peatland Ecosystems“, PI: Fatoyinbo
  • 2016-2019: JPL’s Strategic R&TD,  “Flow of water”.  Airborne and field campaign in the Mississippi delta October 2016, data processing, hydrology modeling and assimilation of data (Multi-aircraft Campaign October 2016). PI: Simard
  • 2015-2017: PI JPL’s Topical R&TD, “Revolutionizing our understanding of coastal dynamics in wetlands and estuaries”. Water surface velocity and bathymetry with UAVSAR and AirSWOT in the Mississippi delta (multi-aircraft campaign May 2015), PI: Simard
  • 2016-2019: NASA-CMS, “Future Mission Fusion for High Biomass Forest Carbon Accounting”, PI: Fatoyinbo
  • 2016-2019: PI SWOT Science Team, “Understanding SWOT measurements in Coastal Wetlands”, PI: Simard
  • 2016-2019: PI NISAR Science Definition Team, “How to Quantify and Optimize NISAR's Ecosystem Science Return”, PI: Simard
  • 2015-2018: NASA-CMS, “Linking satellite and soil data to validate coastal wetland blue carbon inventories: upscaled support for developing MRV and REDD+ protocols”, PI: Lisamarie  Windham-Myers (USGS)
  • 2015-2018: NASA –CMS, “Total Carbon Estimation in African Mangroves and Coastal Wetlands in preparation for REDD and Blue Carbon Credits”, PI: Lola Fatoyinbo
  • 2014-2016: NASA Terrestrial Ecology, “Estimating Canopy Height using Repeat-Pass Polarimetric Interferometric (PolinSAR) Data from UAVSAR “, PI: Simard
  • 2013-2016: NASA U.S. Participating Investigator, “TanDEM-X Science Team: Assessment of DEM accuracy and forest canopy bias”, PI: Simard
  • 2013-2018: NASA “Making Earth System Data record for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) Program, “NASADEM”, PI: Sean Buckley (Marc Simard Co- I)
  • 2012-2015: NASA Land Cover Land Use Change Program, “Vulnerability Assessment of Mangrove Forests in the Americas”, PI: Simard
  • 2012-2015: NASA’s Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO), Advanced Information Systems Technology (AIST), “Unified Simulator for Earth Remote Sensing (USERS)”, PI: Simone Tanelli, (Marc Simard Co-I)
  • 2008-2011: NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program, “3D Vegetation structure with INSAR and LIDAR”, PI: Simard  
  • 2008-2010: NASA International Polar Year, “An Interferometric Ka-band Synthetic Aperture Radar: A New Technique for Glacier and Ice-sheet Topography Mapping IPY/NASA”, PI: Delwyn Moller  (Marc Simard Co-I)
  • 2008-2013: NASA “Making Earth System Data record for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) Program, “The definitive merged global digital topographic data set”, PI: Mike Kobrick (Marc Simard Co-I)
  • 2006-2009: NASA ICESAT-1 Science Team, “Using ICEsat/GLAS waveforms to characterize mangrove canopy structure and calibrate SRTM mangrove height estimates”, PI: Simard
  • 2004-2006: NASA Interdisciplinary Science Program, “Large scale assessment of landscape changes and recovery in forest structure of mangrove wetlands subject to human, freshwater diversion, and natural disturbances (hurricanes, other severe storms, climate and sea level change) using enhanced Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data”, P PI: Simard

Selected Publications: 
  1. Fayne, J., Smith, L.C., Liao, T.H., Pitcher, L., Denbina, M., Chen, A.C., Simard, M., Chen, C.W. and Williams, B.A., 2022. Characterizing Near-Nadir Ka-Band SAR Backscatter from Wet Surfaces and Diverse Land Covers.
  2. Duncanson, L., Kellner, J.R., Armston, J., Dubayah, R., Minor, D.M., Hancock, S., Healey, S.P., Patterson, P.L., Saarela, S., Marselis, S. and Silva, C.E., 2022. Aboveground biomass density models for NASA’s Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) lidar mission. Remote Sensing of Environment, 270, p.112845.
  3. Zhang, X., Wright, K., Passalacqua, P., Simard, M. and Fagherazzi, S., 2022. Improving channel hydrological connectivity in coastal hydrodynamic models with remotely‐sensed channel networks. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, p.e2021JF006294.
  4. Shafiei, H., Soloy, A., Turki, I., Simard, M., Lecoq, N. and Laignel, B., 2022. Numerical investigation of the effects of distributary bathymetry and roughness on tidal hydrodynamics of Wax Lake region under calm conditions. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 265, p.107694.
  5. Campbell, A.D., Fatoyinbo, T., Charles, S.P., Bourgeau-Chavez, L.L., Goes, J., Gomes, H., Halabisky, M., Holmquist, J., Lohrenz, S., Mitchell, C. and Moskal, L.M., 2022. A review of carbon monitoring in wet carbon systems using remote sensing. Environmental Research Letters.
  6. Zhang, X., Jones, C.E., Oliver-Cabrera, T., Simard, M. and Fagherazzi, S., 2022. Using rapid repeat SAR interferometry to improve hydrodynamic models of flood propagation in coastal wetlands. Advances in Water Resources, 159, p.104088
  7. Stovall, A.E., Fatoyinbo, T., Thomas, N.M., Armston, J., Ebanega, M.O., Simard, M., Trettin, C., Zogo, R.V.O., Aken, I.A., Debina, M. and Kemoe, A.M.M., 2021. Comprehensive comparison of airborne and spaceborne SAR and LiDAR estimates of forest structure in the tallest mangrove forest on earth. Science of Remote Sensing, 4, p.100034.
  8. Oliver-Cabrera, T., Jones, C.E., Yunjun, Z. and Simard, M., 2021. InSAR Phase Unwrapping Error Correction for Rapid Repeat Measurements of Water Level Change in Wetlands. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.
  9. Aminjafari, S., Brown, I., Chalov, S., Simard, M., Lane, C.R., Jarsjö, J., Darvishi, M. and Jaramillo, F., 2021. Drivers and extent of surface water occurrence in the Selenga River Delta, Russia. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 38, p.100945.
  10. Fatoyinbo, Temilola, John Armston, Marc Simard, Sassan Saatchi, Michael Denbina, Marco Lavalle, Michelle Hofton et al. "The NASA AfriSAR campaign: Airborne SAR and lidar measurements of tropical forest structure and biomass in support of current and future space missions." Remote Sensing of Environment 264: 112533. 2021.
  11. Trettin, Carl C., Zhaohua Dai, Wenwu Tang, David Lagomasino, Nathan Thomas, Seung Kuk Lee, Marc Simard, Médard Obiang Ebanega, Atticus Stoval, and Temilola E. Fatoyinbo. "Mangrove carbon stocks in Pongara National Park, Gabon." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science : 107432. 2021.
  12. Jensen, D., Cavanaugh, K.C., Simard, M., Christensen, A., Rovai, A. and Twilley, R.“Aboveground biomass distributions and vegetation composition changes in Louisiana's Wax Lake Delta.” Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 250, p.107139. 2021.
  13. Åhlén, I., Vigouroux, G., Destouni, G., Pietroń, J., Ghajarnia, N., Anaya, J., Blanco, J., Borja, S., Chalov, S., Chun, K.P. and Clerici, N., “Hydro-climatic changes of wetlandscapes across the world.” Scientific reports, 11(1), pp.1-11. 2021.
  14. Silva, Carlos Alberto, Laura Duncanson, Steven Hancock, Amy Neuenschwander, Nathan Thomas, Michelle Hofton, Lola Fatoyinbo et al. "Fusing simulated GEDI, ICESat-2 and NISAR data for regional aboveground biomass mapping." Remote Sensing of Environment 253: 112234. 2021.
  15. Liu, X., Fatoyinbo, T.E., Thomas, N.M., Guan, W.W., Zhan, Y., Mondal, P., Lagomasino, D., Simard, M., Trettin, C.C., Deo, R. and Barenblitt, A. “Large-scale High-resolution Coastal Mangrove Forests Mapping across West Africa with Machine Learning Ensemble and Satellite Big Data.” Frontiers in Earth Science, 8, p.677. 2021.
  16. Marshak, Charlie, Marc Simard, Michael Denbina, Johan Nilsson, and Tom Van der Stocken. "Orinoco: Retrieving a River Delta Network with the Fast Marching Method and Python." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 11:658. 2020.
  17. Aminjafari, Saeid, Ian Brown, Sergey Chalov, Marc Simard, Jerker Jarsjö, Mehdi Darvishi, and Fernando Jaramillo. "Temporal and Spatial Changes of Water Occurrence in the Selenga River Delta.", Earth and Space Science Open Archive, 27, 10.1002/essoar.10504519.1. 2020.
  18. Nedd, G.A., Oyedotun, T.D.T. and Simard, M., 2021. Evaluation of Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Guyana’s Mangroves Using SAR and GEE. Earth Systems and Environment, pp.1-16.
  19. Duncanson, L., Neuenschwander, A., Hancock, S., Thomas, N., Fatoyinbo, T., Simard, M., Silva, C.A., Armston, J., Luthcke, S.B., Hofton, M. and Kellner, J.R., “Biomass estimation from simulated GEDI, ICESat-2 and NISAR across environmental gradients in Sonoma County, California”. Remote Sensing of Environment, 242, p.111779. 2020.
  20. Liao, Tien-Hao, Marc Simard, Michael Denbina, and Michael P. Lamb. "Monitoring Water Level Change and Seasonal Vegetation Change in the Coastal Wetlands of Louisiana Using L-Band Time-Series." Remote Sensing 12, no. 15: 2351. 2020.
  21. Worthington, T. A., Andradi-Brown, D. A., Bhargava, R., Buelow, C., Bunting, P., Duncan, C., Simard, M., ... & Spalding, M. “Harnessing Big Data to Support the Conservation and Rehabilitation of Mangrove Forests Globally”. One Earth, 2(5), 429-443. 2020.
  22. Ward, N., Megonigal, P., Bond-Lamberty, B., Bailey, V., Butman, D., Canuel, R., Diefenderfer, H., Ganju, N.,  Goni, M., Graham, E., Hopkinson, C., Khangaonkar, T.,  Langley, A., Mcdowell, N., Myers-Pigg, A., Neumann, R., Osburn, C., Price, R., Rowland, J., Sengupta, A., Simard, M., Thornton, P.,
  23. “Representing the function and sensitivity of coastal interfaces in Earth system models”. Nature Communications, 11(1), 1-14. 2020.
  24. Marshak, C., Simard, M., Duncanson, L., Silva, C. A., Denbina, M., Liao, T. H., ... & Armston, J. “Regional Tropical Aboveground Biomass Mapping with L-Band Repeat-Pass Interferometric Radar, Sparse Lidar, and Multiscale Superpixels”. Remote Sensing, 12(12), 2048. 2020.
  25. Salum, Rafaela B., Pedro Walfir M. Souza-Filho, Marc Simard, Carlos Alberto Silva, Marcus EB Fernandes, Michele F. Cougo, Wilson do Nascimento Junior, and Kerrylee Rogers. "Improving mangrove above-ground biomass estimates using LiDAR." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 236:106585. 2020.
  26. Topp, Simon N., Tamlin M. Pavelsky, Daniel Jensen, Marc Simard, and Matthew RV Ross. "Research Trends in the Use of Remote Sensing for Inland Water Quality Science: Moving Towards Multidisciplinary Applications." Water 12, no. 1: 169. 2020.
  27. Simard, Marc, Lola Fatoyinbo, Charlotte Smetanka, Victor H. Rivera-Monroy, Edward Castañeda-Moya, Nathan Thomas, and Tom Van der Stocken. "Mangrove canopy height globally related to precipitation, temperature and cyclone frequency." Nature Geoscience 12, no. 1: 40. 2019.
  28. Ross, Matthew RV, Simon N. Topp, Alison P. Appling, Xiao Yang, Catherine Kuhn, David Butman, Marc Simard, and Tamlin M. Pavelsky. "AquaSat: A Data Set to Enable Remote Sensing of Water Quality for Inland Waters." Water Resources Research 55, no. 11: 10012-10025. 2019.
  29. Denbina, Michael, Marc Simard, Ernesto Rodriguez, Xiaoqing Wu, Albert Chen, and Tamlin Pavelsky. "Mapping Water Surface Elevation and Slope in the Mississippi River Delta Using the AirSWOT Ka-Band Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar." Remote Sensing 11, no. 23: 2739. 2019.
  30. Brigot, Guillaume, Marc Simard, Elise Colin-Koeniguer, and Alexandre Boulch. "Retrieval of Forest Vertical Structure from PolInSAR Data by Machine Learning Using LIDAR-Derived Features." Remote Sensing 11, no. 4: 381. 2019.
  31. Jensen, Daniel, Marc Simard, Kyle Cavanaugh, Yongwei Sheng, Cédric G. Fichot, Tamlin Pavelsky, and Robert Twilley. "Improving the transferability of suspended solid estimation in wetland and deltaic waters with an empirical hyperspectral approach." Remote Sensing 11, no. 13: 1629. 2019.
  32. Jensen, Daniel, Kyle C. Cavanaugh, Marc Simard, Gregory S. Okin, Edward Castañeda-Moya, Annabeth McCall, and Robert R. Twilley. "Integrating imaging spectrometer and synthetic aperture radar data for estimating wetland vegetation aboveground biomass in coastal Louisiana." Remote Sensing 11, no. 21: 2533. 2019.
  33. Marshak, Charlie, Marc Simard, and Michael Denbina. "Monitoring Forest Loss in ALOS/PALSAR Time-Series with Superpixels." Remote Sensing 11, no. 5: 556. 2019.
  34. Palomino-Ángel, S.,Anaya-Acevedo, J.A. and Simard, M and Liao, T.-H. and Jaramillo, F., “Analysis of Floodplain Dynamics in the Atrato River Colombia Using SAR Interferometry”, Water, 11 (5). 2019.
  35. Van der Stocken, Tom, Dustin Carroll, Dimitris Menemenlis, Marc Simard, and Nico Koedam. "Global-scale dispersal and connectivity in mangroves." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 3: 915-922. 2019.
  36. Van der Stocken, Tom, Alison KS Wee, Dennis JR De Ryck, Bram Vanschoenwinkel, Daniel A. Friess, Farid Dahdouh‐Guebas, Marc Simard, Nico Koedam, and Edward L. Webb. "A general framework for propagule dispersal in mangroves." Biological reviews 94, no. 4: 1547-1575. 2019.
  37. Ross, Matthew RV, Simon N. Topp, Alison P. Appling, Xiao Yang, Catherine Kuhn, David Butman, Marc Simard, and Tamlin M. Pavelsky. "AquaSat: A Data Set to Enable Remote Sensing of Water Quality for Inland Waters." Water Resources Research 55, no. 11: 10012-10025. 2019.
  38. Thomas, Nathan, Marc Simard, Edward Casteñeda-Moya, Kristin Byrd, Lisamaria Windham-Myers, Azure Bevington, and Robert R. Twilley. "High-resolution mapping of biomass and distribution of marsh and forested wetlands in southeastern coastal Louisiana." International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 80: 257-267. 2019.
  39. Denbina, Michael, Marc Simard, and Brian Hawkins. "Forest Height Estimation Using Multibaseline PolInSAR and Sparse Lidar Data Fusion." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 99: 1-19. 2018.
  40. Daniel J. Jensen, Marc Simard, Kyle C. Cavanaugh, and David R. Thompson, “Imaging Spectroscopy BRDF Correction for Mapping Louisiana’s Coastal Ecosystems”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 56 (3), 1739-1748. 2018.
  41. Sadeghi, Y., St-Onge, B., Leblon, B., Prieur, J.F. and Simard, M. Mapping boreal forest biomass from a SRTM and TanDEM-X based on canopy height model and Landsat spectral indices. International journal of applied earth observation and geoinformation, 68, pp.202-213. 2018.
  42. Kristin B. Byrd, Laurel Ballanti, Nathan Thomas, Dung Nguyen, James R. Holmquist, Marc Simard, Lisamarie Windham-Myers, 2017, “A remote sensing-based model of tidal marsh aboveground carbon stocks for the conterminous United States”, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 139, 255-271
  43. Breithaupt, J.L., Smoak, J.M., Rivera-Monroy, V.H., Castañeda-Moya, E., Moyer, R.P., Simard, M. and Sanders, C.J., 2017. Partitioning the relative contributions of organic matter and mineral sediment to accretion rates in carbonate platform mangrove soils. Marine Geology, 390, pp.170-180.
  44. Thomas, N., Lucas, R., Bunting, P., Hardy, A., Rosenqvist, A., & Simard, M., 2017. Distribution and drivers of global mangrove forest change, 1996–2010. PloS one, 12(6), e0179302.
  45. Simard, Marc, and Michael Denbina. "An Assessment of Temporal Decorrelation Compensation Methods for Forest Canopy Height Estimation Using Airborne L-Band Same-Day Repeat-Pass Polarimetric SAR Interferometry." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 11.1 (2018): 95-111.
  46. Sadeghi, Yaser, Benoît St-Onge, Brigitte Leblon, and Marc Simard. "Effects of TanDEM-X Acquisition Parameters on the Accuracy of Digital Surface Models of a Boreal Forest Canopy." Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 43, no. 2 (2017): 194-207.
  47. Mahoney, Craig, Christopher Hopkinson, Alex Held, and Marc Simard. "Continental-Scale Canopy Height Modeling by Integrating National, Spaceborne, and Airborne LiDAR Data." Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 42, no. 5 (2016): 574-590.
  48. Lucas, R., Fatoyinbo, L., Simard, M. and Rebelo, L.-M.,“Remote Sensing of Wetland Types: Mangroves”, The Wetland Book, 2016.
  49. Jerath, Meenakshi, Mahadev Bhat, Victor H. Rivera-Monroy, Edward Castañeda-Moya, Marc Simard, and Robert R. Twilley. "The role of economic, policy, and ecological factors in estimating the value of carbon stocks in Everglades mangrove forests, South Florida, USA." Environmental Science & Policy 66 (2016): 160-169.
  50. Lagomasino, David, Temilola Fatoyinbo, SeungKuk Lee, Emanuelle Feliciano, Carl Trettin, and Marc Simard. "A comparison of mangrove canopy height using multiple independent measurements from land, air, and space." Remote Sensing 8, no. 4 (2016): 327.
  51. Rovai, A. S., P. Riul, R. R. Twilley, E. Castañeda‐Moya, V. H. Rivera‐Monroy, A. A. Williams, M. Simard et al. "Scaling mangrove aboveground biomass from site‐level to continental‐scale." Global ecology and biogeography 25, no. 3 (2016): 286-298.
  52. Brolly, Matthew, Marc Simard, Hao Tang, Ralph O. Dubayah, and Justin P. Fisk. "A Lidar-Radar Framework to Assess the Impact of Vertical Forest Structure on Interferometric Coherence." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 9, no. 12 (2016): 5830-5841. doi: 10.1109/JSTARS.2016.2527360
  53. Crippen, R., S. Buckley, P. Agram, E. Belz, E. Gurrola, S. Hensley, M. Kobrick et al. "NASADEM global elevation model: methods and progress." ISPRS-International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences (2016): 125-128.
  54. Choi, S., Kempes, C.P., Park, T., Ganguly, S., Wang, W., Xu, L., Basu, S., Dungan, J.L., Simard, M., Saatchi, S.S. and Piao, S., 2016. Application of the metabolic scaling theory and water–energy balance equation to model large‐scale patterns of maximum forest canopy height. Global Ecology and Biogeography.
  55. M. Simard; B. V. Riel; M. Denbina; S. Hensley, 2016, "Radiometric Correction of Airborne Radar Images Over Forested Terrain With Topography," in IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , vol.PP, no.99, pp.1-5 doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2016.2543142
  56. Lagomasino, D., Fatoyinbo, T., Lee, S.K. and Simard, M., 2015. High‐resolution forest canopy height estimation in an African blue carbon ecosystem. Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation, 1(1), pp.51-60.
  57. Y. Sadeghi, B. St-Onge, B. Leblon and M. Simard, "Canopy Height Model (CHM) Derived From a TanDEM-X InSAR DSM and an Airborne Lidar DTM in Boreal Forest," in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 381-397, Jan. 2016.
  58. doi: 10.1109/JSTARS.2015.2512230
  59. Cougo, M.F., Souza-Filho, P.W., Silva, A.Q., Fernandes, M.E., Santos, J.R.D., Abreu, M.R., Nascimento, W.R. and Simard, M., 2015. Radarsat-2 Backscattering for the Modeling of Biophysical Parameters of Regenerating Mangrove Forests. Remote Sensing, 7(12), pp.17097-17112.
  60. S. K. Lee et al., "Large-scale mangrove canopy height map generation from TanDEM-X data by means of Pol-InSAR techniques," 2015 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Milan, 2015, pp. 2895-2898. doi: 10.1109/IGARSS.2015.7326420
  61. Thomas, N., Lucas, R., Itoh, T., Simard, M., Fatoyinbo, L., Bunting, P., & Rosenqvist, A. An approach to monitoring mangrove extents through time-series comparison of JERS-1 SAR and ALOS PALSAR data. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 2015 23:1:3-17
  62. Howard, J., Hoyt, S., Isensee, K., Pidgeon, E., Telszewski, M. (eds.) (2014). Coastal Blue Carbon: Methods for assessing carbon stocks and emissions factors in mangroves, tidal salt marshes, and seagrass meadows. Conservation International, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO, International Union for Conservation of Nature. Arlington, Virginia, USA.
  63. Hensley, S., Oveisgharan, S., Saatchi, S., Simard, M., Ahmed, R., & Haddad, Z. (2014). An error model for biomass estimates derived from polarimetric radar backscatter. Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on, 52(7), 4065-4082.
  64. Lucas, Richard, Lisa-Maria Rebelo, Lola Fatoyinbo, Ake Rosenqvist, Takuya Itoh, Masanobu Shimada, Marc Simard et al. "Contribution of L-band SAR to systematic global mangrove monitoring." Marine and Freshwater Research 65, no. 7 (2014): 589-603.
  65. Xiliang Ni, Taejin Park, Sungho Choi, Yuli Shi, Chunxiang Cao, Xuejun Wang, Michael A. Lefsky, Marc Simard and Ranga B. Myneni , “Allometric Scaling and Resource Limitations Model of Tree Heights: Part 3. Model Optimization and Testing over Continental China”, Remote Sens. 2014, 6(5), 3533-3553; doi:10.3390/rs6053533
  66. Choi, S., Ni, X., Shi, Y., Ganguly, S., Zhang, G., Duong, H.V., Lefsky, M.A., Simard, M., Saatchi, S.S., Lee, S., Ni-Meister, W., Piao, S., Cao, C., Nemani, R.R., Myneni R.B.,  “Allometric Scaling and Resource Limitations Model of Tree Heights: Part 2. Site based testing of the Model”, Remote Sens. 2013, 5(1), 202-223; doi:10.3390/rs5010202
  67. Yuli Shi, Sungho Choi *, Xiliang Ni, Sangram Ganguly, Gong Zhang, Hieu V. Duong, Michael A. Lefsky, Marc Simard, Sassan S. Saatchi, Shihyan Lee, Wenge Ni-Meister, Shilong Piao, Chunxiang Cao, Ramakrishna R. Nemani, Ranga B. Myneni, "Allometric scaling and resource limitations model of tree heights: Part 1. Model optimization and testing over continental USA." Remote Sensing 5.1 (2013): 284-306.
  68. Pinto N., Simard M., Dubayah R. Using InSAR Coherence to Map Stand Age in a Boreal Forest. Remote Sensing. 2013; 5(1):42-56.
  69. P.M. Montesano, B.D. Cook, G. Sun, M. Simard, R.F. Nelson, K.J. Ranson, Z. Zhang, S. Luthcke, Achieving accuracy requirements for forest biomass mapping: A spaceborne data fusion method for estimating forest biomass and LiDAR sampling error, Remote Sensing of Environment, Volume 130, 15 March 2013, Pages 153-170, ISSN 0034-4257, 10.1016/j.rse.2012.11.016.
  70. Simard, M.; Hensley, S.; Lavalle, M.; Dubayah, R.; Pinto, N.; Hofton, M. An Empirical Assessment of Temporal Decorrelation Using the Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar over Forested Landscapes. Remote Sens. 2012, 4, 975-986.
  71. Simard, M., Pinto, N., Fisher, J., Baccini, A., (2011),  “Mapping forest canopy height globally with spaceborne lidar”, Journal of Geophysical Research, VOL. 116, G04021, 12 PP., 2011, doi:10.1029/2011JG001708.
  72. Fatoyinbo, T.E. & Marc Simard (2013). “Height and biomass of mangroves in Africa from ICESat/GLAS and SRTM“, International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 34, Iss. 2, pp. 668-681. doi:10.1080/01431161.2012.712224.
  73. Swatantran A , Dubayah R , Goetz S , Hofton M , Betts MG , et al. 2012 Mapping Migratory Bird Prevalence Using Remote Sensing Data Fusion. PLoS ONE 7(1): e28922. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028922
  74. Rivera-Monroy, V.H., Robert R. Twilley, Stephen E. Davis, III, Daniel L. Childers, Marc Simard, Randolph Chambers, Rudolf Jaffe, Joseph N. Boyer, David T. Rudnick, Keqi Zhang, Edward Castaneda-Moya, Sharon Ewe, Rene M. Price, Carlos Coronado-Molina, Michael Ross, Thomas J. Smith, III, Beatrice Michot, Ehab Meselhe, William Nuttle, Tiffany Troxler, and Gregory, (2010), “The Role of the Everglades Mangrove Ecotone Region (EMER) in Regulating Nutrient Cycling and Wetland Productivity in South Florida” , Special issue of Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 41(S1):1–37.
  75. Lavalle, M.; Simard, M.; Hensley, S.; , "A Temporal Decorrelation Model for Polarimetric Radar Interferometers," Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on , vol.50, no.7, pp.2880-2888, July 2012, doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2011.2174367
  76. Simard M, Fatoyinbo T.E., Pinto N (2009), ”Mangrove Canopy 3D Structure and Ecosystem Productivity Using Active Remote Sensing”, book chapter In Remote Sensing of Coastal environments, Taylor and Francis Group LLC, Yeqiao Wang ed.
  77. Fatoyinbo, T. E., M. Simard, R. A. Washington-Allen, and H. H. Shugart, “Landscape-scale extent, height, biomass, and carbon estimation of Mozambique's mangrove forests with Landsat ETM+ and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission elevation data”, J. Geophys. Res., 113, G02S06, 2008, doi:10.1029/2007JG000551
  78. Zhang K., Simard M., Ross M., Rivera-Monroy V. H., Houle P., Ruiz P., Twilley R. R., Whelan K. Airborne Laser Scanning Quantification of Disturbances from Hurricanes and Lightning Strikes to Mangrove Forests in Everglades National Park, USA. Sensors. 2008; 8(4):2262-2292.
  79. Simard, M., Rivera-Monroy, V.H., José Ernesto Mancera-Pineda, Castaneda-Moya, E.,Twilley, R., "A Systematic Method for 3D Mapping of Mangrove Forests Based on Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Elevation Data, ICESat/GLAS Waveforms and Field Data: Application to Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombia," Remote Sensing of the Environment, Vol. 112/5, pp. 2131-2144, doi:10.1016/j.rse.2007.10.012. 2008.
  80. M. Simard, K. Zhang, V. H. Rivera-Monroy, M. Ross, P. Ruiz, E. Castañeda-Moya, E. Twilley, E. Rodriguez. , “Mapping Height and Biomass of Mangrove Forests in the Everglades National Park with SRTM Elevation Data”, Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing”, Vol. 72, No. 3, March 2006, pp. 299–311.
  81. M. Fischman, M. Simard, “Ultrafast, real-time interferometric radar processing hardware with dynamic parameter update capabilities”, New Technology Report (NTR #42026), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, March 2005.
  82. M. Simard, “Ocean Surface Topography Mission WSOA Onboard Processing Algorithm Definition”, Docushare Library, Ocean Surface Topography Mission, JPL D-29629 OSTM-49-5075, 2004.
  83. M. Simard, E. Rodriguez, “Real-time algorithm for radar interferometry of ocean surface height”, Proceedings of SPIE, Vol. #5238, 2003.
  84. Siqueira, P. R., Hensley, S., Rodriguez, R., Simard, M., “ X/P Merge”, New Technology Report (NTR # 40268), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, March 2003.
  85. M. Simard, G. DeGrandi, S. Saatchi, P. Mayaux, “Mapping tropical coastal vegetation using JERS-1 and ERS-1 radar data with a decision tree classifier", International Journal of Remote Sensing, V.23, No.7, 2002, pp. 1461-1474.
  86. P. Mayaux, G.F. De Grandi, Y. Rauste, M. Simard, S.Saatchi, “Regional Scale Vegetation Maps Derived from the Combined L-band GRFM and C-band CAMP Wide Area Radar Mosaics of Central Africa", International Journal of Remote Sensing, V.23, No. 7, 2002, pp. 1261-1282.
  87. M. Simard, S. Saatchi, G. DeGrandi, “The use of decision tree and multiscale texture for classification of JERS-1 SAR data over tropical forest", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2000, Vol. 38, No. 5, pp. 2310-2321
  88. G. De Grandi, P. Mayaux, J.P. Malingreau, A. Rosenqvist, S. Saatchi, M. Simard, “New Perspectives on Global Ecosystems from Wide-area Radar Mosaics: Flooded Forest Mapping in the Tropics", International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2000, Vol.21, No. 6, pp.1235-1249
  89. G. De Grandi, P. Mayaux, Y. Rauste, A. Rosenqvist, M. Simard, S. Saatchi,  “The Global Rain Forest Mapping project JERS-1 radar mosaic of tropical Africa: development and product characterization aspects",  IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2000, Vol. 38, No. 5, pp. 2218-2233
  90. M. Simard, F. DeGrandi, K.P.B.Thomson, “Adaptation of the wavelet transform for the construction of multiscale texture maps of SAR images”, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol.24, No.3, September 1998
  91. M. Simard, F. DeGrandi, K.P.B.Thomson, G.B. Benie, “Analysis of Speckle Noise Contribution on Wavelet Decomposition of SAR Images”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol.36, No.6, November 1998
  92. M. Simard, “Analyse de texture multiéchelle des images ERS-1 de la forêt tropicale basée sur la transformée par ondelettes”, Ph.D. thesis, Université Laval, 1998
Marc Simard
Address: 
4800 Oak Grove Dr.
Pasadena, CA 91109
Phone: 818.354.6972
Email: 
Marc.simard@jpl.nasa.gov